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In the Lithuanian language, heavy syllables (those with stress) may be pronounced in one of two prosodically distinct ways that are determined by accent and pitch.〔Pakerys A. "Lietuvių bendrinės kalbos prozodija." 1982. ''Priegaidė'' is translated as ''an accent''.〕〔Kudirka R. ("Acoustic features of pitch in Standard Lithuanian monophthongs." ) Ceeol.com〕 One way is the ''acute'' or ''falling'' accent. It may be described as sudden, sharp or rough. The phrase, ''tvirtaprãdė príegaidė'' has the literal meaning, "firm-start accent". The second way is the ''circumflex'' or ''rising'' accent. It may be described as continued, mild or smooth. The phrase, ''tvirtagãlė'' has the literal meaning, "firm-end". Short (or light) syllables may have stress without the differentiation of an accent. == Heavy syllables distinguished by an accent == Heavy syllables distinguished by an accent include:〔 * long monophthongs * simple diphthongs (''au'', ''ai'', ''ei'' and ''ui'') which end in a glide (/j/ or /w/) * mixed diphthongs, which are composed of vowels and sonorants (''i'', ''e'', ''u'' and ''a'' together with ''l'', ''m'' ''n'' or ''r'') * complex diphthongs (''ie'' and ''uo''), which are pronounced in a phonemic unit as single syllables (rather than in a sequence of separate phonemes forming two syllables) In mixed acute diphthongs beginning with ''i'' or ''u'', the acute mark is replaced by a grave; this reflects the fact that, in the standard language (but not in some dialects), the first part of the diphthong is short. In complex diphthongs, the acute accent is marked by an acute ( ´ ) diacritic over the first letter and the circumflex by a tilde ( ~ ) over the second letter. This indicates a perception that the letter is stronger in some way. For example, a higher pitch or a longer or louder sound, depending on the dialect and speaker. Stressed short vowels are marked by a grave diacritic ( ` ). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lithuanian accentuation」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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